Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Genus Deltavirus is a genus in Group V that has not been assigned a viral
class. The genus contains one species, the Hepatitis D virus. The Hepatitis D
virus cannot replicate on its own. Replication requires the presence of
Hepatitis B virus in the same host cell. Co-infections of Hepatitis B and
Hepatitis D viruses (sometimes referred to as Labrea fever) have a more
severe clinical course than infections with Hepatitis B alone (e.g., increased
likelihood of developing liver failure, shortened time interval for initial
infection to the development of cirrhosis, increased likelihood of developing
liver cancer, and overall increased mortality rate).
Infectious species:
Paramyxoviridae:
Hendra virus, a henipavirus transmitted by Pteropid fruit bats (pulmo-
nary edema and hemorrhage, encephalitis)
Nipah, a henipavirus transmitted by Pteropid fruit bats (encephalitis,
relapse encephalitis)
Human metapneumonovirus (mild respiratory illness in healthy indivi-
duals, occasionally severe respiratory illness in children, elderly, and
immune-compromised individuals)
Measles virus (measles, rubeola, morbilli)
Mumps virus (mumps)
Newcastle disease virus, transmitted by infected birds (conjunctivitis
and flu-like illness)
Human Parainfluenza virus 1, HPIV-1 (most common cause of croup;
also other upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses typical)
Human Parainfluenza virus 2, HPIV-2 (causes croup and other upper
and lower respiratory tract illnesses)
Human Parainfluenza virus 3, HPIV-3 (associated with bronchiolitis
and pneumonia)
Human Parainfluenza virus 4, HPIV-4 (mild respiratory infections,
often clinically silent)
Respiratory
syncytial
virus, RSV (pneumonia,
pneumovirus
pneumonia)
Rhabdoviridae:
Duvenhage (rabies-like encephalitis)
Rabies virus (rabies, hydrophobia, lyssa)
Vesicular stomatitis virus (flu-like illness in humans)
Chandipura (encephalitis)
Filoviridae:
Ebola Reston (Ebola hemorrhagic fever)
Ebola Siena (Ebola hemorrhagic fever)
Ebola Sudan (Ebola hemorrhagic fever)
Ebola Zaire (Ebola hemorrhagic fever)
Marburg virus (Marburg hemorrhagic fever)
