Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
*Hantavirus Prospect Hill virus
*Hantavirus Puumala virus
*Hantavirus Seoul virus
*Hantavirus Sin Nombre virus
Nairovirus
*Nairovirus Bhanja virus
*Nairovirus Crimean virus
*Nairovirus Hazara virus
*Oropouche virus
Phlebovirus
*Rift Valley Fever (RVF) virus
*Pappataci fever virus
Orthomyxoviridae
*Influenza, types A, B and C (viral influenza)
Thogotovirus
*Tick-borne orthomyxoviridae Dhori
*Tick-borne orthomyxoviridae Thogoto
Unassigned genus
Deltavirus
*Hepatitis delta virus
Group VI, ssRNA-RT (Chapter 44)
Group VII, dsDNA-RT (Chapter 45)
Prions (Chapter 46)
Single-stranded RNA viruses are grouped into viruses with a positive sense,
negative sense, and ambisense.
Positive sense RNA viruses are those that have the same direction as human
mRNA. Positive sense virus genes can be translated (to yield protein) with the
same cellular machinery that translates mRNA. These are the Group IV viruses
(Chapter 42).
Negative sense RNA is complementary to mRNA. Negative sense RNA
must be converted to positive sense RNA or to DNA before it becomes
biologically available for translation or replication, respectively.
The Group V viruses (Chapter 43) are single-stranded negative sense
RNA viruses that use an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, packaged within
the virus particle, to produce positive sense RNA, within the host cell.
The Group VI viruses (Chapter 44) are single-stranded negative sense RNA
viruses that use an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (so-called reverse tran-
scriptase), packaged within the virus particle, to produce a complementary
strand of DNA. The synthesized strand of DNA is subsequently used as a
template to yield a double-stranded DNA molecule that contains the genetic
information from the viral genome.
The ambisense single-strand RNA viruses contain at least one positive
sense RNA segment admixed with negative sense RNA. Genomically,
