Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Flavivirus
*Dengue virus types 1
4
*Japanese B encephalitis virus
*Murray Valley encephalitis virus
*Rocio virus
*Spondweni virus
*St Louis encephalitis
*Wesselsbron
*West Nile virus
*Yellow fever virus
Tick-borne virus group
*Absettarov virus
*Hanzalova virus
*Hypr virus
*Kumlinge virus
*Kyasanur forest disease virus
*Louping ill (tick-borne encephalitis)
*Negishi virus
*Omsk virus
*Powassan (tick-borne encephalitis)
*Langat (tick-borne encephalitis)
*Russian spring summer encephalitis
Hepatitis G virus group
*Hepatitis G virus
The members of Class Flaviviridae are enveloped, spherical, and have a
diameter of about 50 nm. Most members of Class Flaviviridae are arthropod-
borne, being transmitted by a tick (Class Chelicerata, Chapter 29) or a mos-
quito (Class Hexapoda, Chapter 30). The subclasses of Class Flaviviridae that
contain infectious viruses in humans are: Hepacivirus, Flavivirus, tick-borne
virus group, and hepatitis G virus group.
Hepatitis C virus is the only member of Class Hepacivirus. Hepatitis C is a
common cause of hepatitis and chronic liver disease. It is spread from person
to person by sexual transmission or by contact with infected blood, or blood
products, and can be spread by contaminated needles. It can be transmitted to
infants born to infected mothers. People who develop hepatitis from this virus
often develop chronic infection of the liver, that varies from person to person
in intensity and in the likelihood of progressing to cirrhosis. Over one percent
of the USA population is infected with hepatitis C.
Class Flavivirus (from the Latin “flavus,” meaning yellow), is a subclass of
Class Flaviviridae, both named for the yellow (jaundiced) skin resulting from
infection with its most notorious species, Yellow fever virus. The flaviviruses
includes some of the most common and deadly viruses on earth, led by yellow
fever virus and Dengue fever virus. Among the flaviviruses are numerous
