Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
was carried out, it was found that both lines show a rapid increase in the gene
expression for LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) protein (Dalal et al.
2009
), but
with the expression level of N-119 being seven times higher than that of
kirariboshi
.
N-119 might excel in the induced ability to protect other proteins from osmotic
damage. At present, a wide range of genes that alter their expression under saline
stress are being surveyed in an attempt to comprehend other factors that may deter-
mine differences between lines.
18.3.2.5
Development of Strongly Salt-Tolerant
B. napus
Lines
Based on the results of the pot experiments for salt tolerance, intercrossing was car-
ried out between strongly salt-tolerant lines in spring 2012 to obtain the F
1
genera-
tion. This F
1
generation is currently being grown out and it is expected that the seeds
of the F
2
generation (the following generation) will be harvested in 2013. The exis-
tence of individual plants showing even stronger salt tolerance is anticipated in the
F
2
generation. We believe that it will be possible to perform the actual selection
of lines in the following season, after consideration of the assessment method for
salt tolerance.
18.4
A Regional Resource Recycling System with an Added
Biogasifi cation of Organic Materials
Rapeseed oil can be used as the raw material for BDF, either directly or after use as
edible oil (so-called waste vegetable oil, WVO). When BDF is produced, waste glyc-
erin is also generated as a by-product. We attempted to retrieve energy through the
methane fermentation (anaerobic digestion) of this waste glycerin (Nakai et al.
2012
).
Treated effl uent sludge from a food products factory was placed in a 50 t meth-
ane fermentation tank once each week. The amount of added waste glycerin required
for the effi cient production of methane gas was examined by pouring in a certain
amount of waste glycerin once per day.
The upper limit possible for the amount of waste glycerin added per day for
stable and continuous operation was 0.1 %/day (a rate of addition of 0.1 % (v/v) per
day with respect to the volume of the fermentation liquid).
As a result of this research (Baba et al.
2013
), by the addition of 30 l of waste
glycerin per day to the 30 m
3
of fermentation liquid, it was possible to obtain a total
monthly production of methane of roughly 140 m
3
. This is equivalent to the volume
of town gas used monthly by 16 ordinary households. The energy (methane gas)
produced in this way exceeded the energy consumed in operating the fermentation
tank. Converting this surplus energy obtained into the distance over which a vacuum
car can be operated, it was found to be equivalent to suffi cient energy to operate the
vacuum car for approximately 1,200 km. Transporting the sludge and digested
sludge within these limits would result is a positive energy balance (energy
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