Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 13.15
Cross-shore
distribution of ground
elevation and tsunami
inundation height along
survey lines N1 & N2 (
a
), S1
(
b
) and S2 & S3 (
c
). The
lines N1 to S3 are shown in
Fig.
13.7
The inland ground elevation gradually increases to 5.4 m at location 210 m, about 3 m
higher than the ground level at the seawall. The measured inundation height is 7.3 m
(4.7 m above the local ground level) at location 137 m. In the vicinity of broken sea-
wall, the inundation height is only 6.3 m as is confi rmed in Fig.
13.2
. At the same time,
tsunami inundation height is 6.7 m at location 210 m. Therefore, the following mecha-
nism can be inferred from Fig.
13.15a
with respect to line N1: After tsunami over-
fl owed the seawall, the tsunami height increased by 1 m within a cross-shore distance
of 150 m owing to the formation of standing waves on the narrow plain bounded by
steep hill. Subsequently, inundation height decreased by 0.6 m from 150 to 210 m,
which is ascribed to the signifi cant fl ow resistance by the presence of dense houses.
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