Performance-Based Seismic Design - Structural Seismic Design Optimization and Earthquake Engineering - page 46

Figure 11. Cyclic displacement history

caused by an uncertain number of earth-
quakes during the service life.

by continuous, smooth functions, and this
Chapter has discussed the use of neural
networks as an efficient approach to re-
sponse representation.

• The performance criteria must involve

maximum structural displacement repons-
es and the associated damage, the calcula-
tion of which requires a nonlinear dynamic
analysis. This produces discrete values for
the responses for different combinations
of the intervening random variables. For
reliability assessment and optimization,
these discrete results must be represented

• The random variables have been divided

into two groups: a first set of main vari-
ables and a second set of secondary ones
including those associated with the ground
motion. An approach has been presented
by means of which the analysis data are
the mean and the standard deviation of

Figure 12. Loop for cyclic displacement history, finite element approach