Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 15
Optimal Design of Nonlinear
Viscous Dampers for Protection
of Isolated Bridges
Alexandros A. Taflanidis
University of Notre Dame, USA
Ioannis G. Gidaris
University of Notre Dame, USA
ABSTRACT
A probabilistic framework based on stochastic simulation is presented in this chapter for optimal design
of supplemental dampers for multi - span bridge systems supported on abutments and intermediate
piers through isolation bearings. The bridge model explicitly addresses nonlinear characteristics of the
isolators and the dampers, the dynamic behavior of the abutments, and the effect of pounding between
the neighboring spans to each other as well as to the abutments. A probabilistic framework is used to
address the various sources of structural and excitation uncertainties and characterize the seismic risk
for the bridge. Stochastic simulation is utilized for evaluating this seismic risk and performing the as-
sociated optimization when selecting the most favorable damper characteristics. An illustrative example
is presented that considers the design of nonlinear viscous dampers for protection of a two-span bridge.
INTRODUCTION
Wang, Fang, & Zou, 2010). Lead-rubber bearings
or friction pendulum systems are selected for this
purpose in order to isolate the bridge deck from
its support, at the abutments and potentially at the
locations of intermediate piers. This configura-
tion provides enhanced capabilities for energy
dissipation during earthquake events while also
accommodating thermal movements during the
life-cycle of operation of the bridge. It is associ-
ated though with large displacement for the bridge
Applications of seismic isolation techniques to
bridges (Figure 1) have gained significant atten-
tion over the last decade (Jangid, 2008; Jónsson,
Bessason, & Haflidason, 2010; Makris & Zhang,
2004; Perros & Papadimitriou, 2009; Tsopelas,
Constantinou, Okamoto, Fujii, & Ozaki, 1996;
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