Applications of Topology Optimization Techniques in Seismic Design of Structure - Structural Seismic Design Optimization and Earthquake Engineering - page 263

Figure 15. Comparing stress distribution in initial (a) and final (b) smoothed designs. Stresses are in MPa.

Figure 16. Comparing force-displacement graphs in initial and final smoothed designs

eigenfrequencies of a structure away from a given
excitation frequency.
Topology optimization of structures under
periodic loads has been discussed. An average
dynamic compliance measure has been consid-
ered as the objective function to be minimized.
Sensitivities of this objective function have been
computed. Numerical examples have been solved
to illustrate the applications of the optimization

method. Topology design of structures under a
combination of periodic (and static) loads with
different frequencies has been addressed. This
is of practical importance, for example when a
periodic load is expanded using Fourier series.
Issues and difficulties of considering the
non-linear material and geometry behavior of
the system have been briefly discussed. The
sensitivities of eigenfrequencies and dynamic