Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
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CHAPTER 5
Uses of Waste Starch
PETER S. SHUTTLEWORTH*
a
AND
NONTIPA SUPANCHAIYAMAT
b
a
Departamento de Fı
´
sica de Polı
´
meros, Elasto
´
meros y Aplicaciones
Energe
´
ticas Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologı
´
a de Polı
´
meros, CSIC, Calle
Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
b
Green Chemistry Centre of
Excellence, Chemistry Department, University of York, Heslington, York,
United Kingdom, YO105DD
*Email: peter@ictp.csic.es
3
.
5.1 Introduction
Starch, one of the most abundant polysaccharides and the main storage supply
for botanical resources,
1
plays an intricate role in our societies' structure as
a whole.
The United Kingdom's annual starch use equates to some 880,000 tonnes,
with only 25% of this being used in nonfood applications (paper, detergents
and plastics industry, etc.), with the rest adopted for both human and animal
consumption.
2,3
Of the whole EU potato industry, the UK has an approximate 14.5% share,
from which it is estimated that there are some 10-18 kT y
-1
of byproducts that
consist of recoverable forms of starch (including peels, etc., some of which are
supplemented in animal feed).
4
In addition, of the potato genotypes grown for
consumption, it is estimated that 8% due to size deficiencies are not used,
resulting in a considerable 530 kT y
-1
, at a cost to industry of
d
26.5my
-1
.
4
The
wastage of starch in this industry only highlights a small fraction of the total
starch industry. Therefore, it can be seen that there is a large underutilised
resource available, i.e. starch slurries; that are in most cases ideal for use in the
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