Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 7.10 Costs of raw materials, energy and labor
used for the cost calculation.
Sunflower oil cake (SFOC)
0.25
h
/kg
Water
0.00309
h
/kg
Glycerol
0.4
h
/kg
d
n
9
r
3
n
g
|
5
Sodium sulfite
1.055
h
/kg
Energy
0.1057
h
/kW
10.50
h
/h
Labour
d
y
y
f
n
n
3
.
Table 7.11 Operating expenses for the production of
SFOC-based compounds.
TEGS
Raw materials (
h
)
116
Utility (
h
)
16.5
Labor time (
h
)
84
Operating costs (
h
)
214
Production (kg)
380
Final cost (
h
/kg)
0.56
Operating conditions for the 3.2 m
2
drying surface were a temperature of
50 1C, for a residence time of 20 min, until the moisture content reached
4-6%. Energy consumption was estimated at 40 kW for the drying of
460 kg of wet compound. This stage is mandatory for the preservation of
the compound. Direct injection moulding of the wet compounds could be
interesting and should involve a reduction of the energy input but, the
whole process would then need regauging to adapt the compounding
capacity to the moulding capacity.
The final balance calculated from raw materials, energy and labour time
gathered in Table 7.10, the production of SFOC-based compounds TEGS
(containing 8% of glycerol, 2% of sodium sulfite), without the equipment
depreciation, is estimated at 0.56
h
/kg (Table 7.11).
The study gives only an approximate range for the SFOC-based compounds
but it is obvious that this kind of biocomposite can be very interesting when
compared to the cheapest thermoplastics (i.e. PE
¼
1.3
h
/kg, PP
¼
1.2
h
/kg,
PS
¼
1.2
h
/kg).
7.9.2 Injection Moulding Cost Estimation
Injection moulding costs have additionally been evaluated for the production
of the transplanting pots. Their production was performed on a NEGRI BOSSI
VE 160-720 press with the operating conditions summarised in Table 7.13.
With a 30-s cycle time,
injection-moulding rate of production can reach
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