Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
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Figure 6.5
Waste hierarchy.
(mainly through disposal in landfill, composting, incineration or use in animal
feed if feasible) as preferred routes for these materials as shown in Figure 6.4.
Therefore, the WFDs will contemplate the conversion of food waste such as
UCO into a different shape or form such as a useful chemical product as fuel if:
in the process the waste processor can prove the waste is no longer waste
and has undergone a recycling or recovery process;
an improved environmental situation has been generated through the
processing of that waste by a suggested treatment route.
In this context, the Commission concluded that composting and anaerobic
digestion (AD) offered the most promising environmental and economic results
for bio-wastes that cannot be prevented.
40,41
As for oils and fats the best route
would be the conversion into biodiesel or as heating fuel.
Here, UCO and recovered fats face a number of constraints when being
employed in added-value uses, e.g. chemical products:
The need to comply with established procedures leading to a Quality
Protocol for the product ultimately produced.
The potential disincentive of what REACH may become in relation to the
waste status of UCO and some animal fats for their conversion into chemicals.
6.4.1 Quality Protocol
The quality protocol (QP) is a requisite established for certain types of waste
that determines when a ''waste has ceased to be a waste'' and therefore has
fulfilled ''end-of-waste'' criteria as having undergone ''recycling''. So far, the
only QP suggested for oils and fats where the material has been ''recycled'' is
for the biodiesel process when the material is burnt in the motor engine.
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