Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 3.1: Ovarian cancer (OvCa) transmesothelial migration was visu-
alized by real-time microscopy using nonmalignant Met-5A mesothelial cells
grown on fibronectin. Samples were placed on a heated stage set at 37
C, and
images were taken using a 40x objective. OvCa cells were added on mesothelial
monolayer, and frames were captured every 15 s for 2 h. Frames corresponding
to 0, 15, 30, or 120 min of the movie are shown. The migration of a single
cell (white arrows) through a mesothelial cell junction is appreciable without
damage to the mesothelial layer. At the end of tumor cell transmigration (120
min) the junction is restored. After 30 min, a number of cells in the same field
started to migrate (black arrows).
FIGURE 3.2: Spheroid dissemination and mesothelial monolayer invasion
assay: spheroids (5-10/well) were seeded onto the HPMC and digitally pho-
tographed at (A) 1 h after plating (t = 0), (B) 1 and (C) 3 and (D) 7 days.
cinoma disaggregation, dissemination, and metastatic outgrowth [3, 290, 419].
In fact, malignant cells able to survive finally implant on and invade through
the mesothelial lining of the peritoneum, establishing secondary tumors, often
without the need to enter the vasculature. The successful metastatic process,
governed by the biophysical properties of cancer cells combined with the re-
modeling of intra- and intercellular proteins, that regulate cell{cell adhesion
(for example, cadherins) and cell{ECM interactions (for example, integrins),
can be therefore divided into two main steps: i) adhesion of the tumor cells
to the mesothelial layer and ii) invasion of the mesothelial layer.
3.1.1 Single Cell Transmigration
The transmesothelial migration of ovarian cancer cells has been reproduced
and analyzed in vitro at the Laboratory of Immunogenetics of the Azienda
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