Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 9.1: Standard cell{ECM models and migration in two and three
dimensions. Left panels: For representation purposes, sections of the simula-
tion domain of both the 2D and the 3D case. Depicted are standard two-
component substrates containing both an isotropic fibrous ECM of moderate
density (light stripes) and the medium (black), and cells. In the 2D model, 500
bers/mm 2 bers are distributed equally and in both x and ydirections.
In the 3D scaffold, matrix fibers are assembled into a regular cubic mesh, with
a uniform distribution of pores of 10 m side length. Right panels: Cell mi-
gration on or within the above-represented isotropic ECMs. Wind-rose graphs
showing 10 randomly chosen cell tracks over 12 h. Black circles represent the
ending location of each cell center of mass. In both conditions, cells display
a Brownian random movement with net nal displacement ca. 50 m, MSD
ca. 9 10 4 0.5 10 3 m 2 , and velocity ca. 10 0.6 m/h. As reproduced
from selected cell paths, the persistence time is low (ca. 1.5 0.2 h). Here
and in the following, all values are given as means s.d. over 50 randomly
chosen individuals. The cell migratory behavior is consistent with the extra-
cellular environment isotropy, and the absence of chemical gradients or other
directional biases.
9.3 Isotropic Matrices
We first test the model for matrices containing an isotropic, moderately dense,
fibrous network in both two and three dimensions. To form a planar substrate,
 
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