Geology Reference
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The plot can therefore accept an individual wastewater treatment
system. The future pool, however, which is included on the fl oor plan,
cannot be built in its currently planned location. It could eventually be
displaced to the west, but problems of rainwater collection and emptying
of the pool would have to be studied.
Problem #11—Study of the emergence conditions and
vulnerability of a catchment system
Located in the southeast part of France, at an elevation of 1,500 m, the X
karst spring has an average annual discharge of around 100 L·s -1 and is used
for the drinking water supply. In this area, the specifi c infi ltration modulus
was estimated by previous studies to be 15 L -1 ·km -2 . The gravity-driven
catchment system is equipped with a siphon, which enables the periodic
increase of the discharge by lowering the level of the karst aquifer. In order
to study the spring's vulnerability, a study including geologic analysis, an
inventory of human activity, the monitoring of the physical parameters of
the spring, and a multi-tracer test were undertaken. For the tracer test, the
following substances were injected on January 6th:
• Naphtionate: 10 kg in the sheep barn B;
• Eosin: 5 kg in the effl uent from the wastewater treatment plant S, 1
km north of the spring;
• Fluorescein: 5 km away in the ponor E, into which fl ows the water
from a small stream which receives the effl uent of another wastewater
treatment plant.
The following documents were created (Figures 15 to 17):
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