Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 6.29 The large intestine, left aspect, with blood supply and lymph nodes.
The spleen belongs functionally to the cardiovascular
system, but topographically it is connected to the stomach.
The spleen is a fl at organ, has an irregular rectangular
shape with rounded corners, and lies on the dorsal aspect
of the rumen. The topography of the viscera on the right
and left abdominal walls is illustrated in Figure 6.26. The
nerve supply for the liver, pancreas, and spleen are identi-
cal with that of the stomach.
liver, and the pancreas, whereas the left kidney has intimate
relations with the descending colon and the duodenum.
Both kidneys look like beans, with a dorsal and a ventral
aspect, two poles (cranial and caudal), and a contour that
is provided on the medial side with an indentation called
hilus. From the hilus, the ureter and the renal vein exit, and
the renal artery enters. On the surface, the kidneys are
intimately covered by a fi brous capsule and are surrounded
by fat and the renal fascia.
A longitudinal section through the kidneys reveals the
internal conformation. Two distinct and differently colored
zones are shown: a peripheral lightly colored cortex and a
central brown-reddish medulla surrounding a space called
renal sinus. The medulla consists of several renal pyra-
THE URINARY SYSTEM
The Kidneys
The kidneys lie against the roof of the abdominal cavity.
The right kidney comes in contact with the duodenum, the
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