Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
chitin A polysaccharide which is the main chemical
component of the cuticle.
chitinized Containing chitin.
chlorosis An unhealthy condition, owing to a lack of
chlorophyll, that results in the green parts of a plant
becoming yellowish.
chlorotic Plant tissue that has become yellow or white,
following the loss of chlorophyll.
cilium ( pl . cilia ) A fine, hair-like projection arising
from a cell. Also, as cilia, fine hairs fringing insect
wings.
clavus The posterior part of the fore wing of a
heteropteran bug.
clypeus The lowest part of the face of an insect,
immediately above the labrum.
compound eye One of a pair of multi-faceted eyes on
the head of an insect (cf. ocellus).
corm A swollen, bulb-like but solid underground stem.
corolla The innermost non-reproductive part of a
flower, formed by petals and surrounded by the
calyx (q.v.).
costa The anterior-most vein of an insect wing, running
along the costal margin.
costal Pertaining to the costa.
cotyledon One of the first leaves arising from the
embryo of a seedling plant.
coxa ( pl . coxae ) The first (basal) segment on the leg of
an insect or a mite.
cremaster A small cluster of hooks or spines at the tip
of a pupa, often borne on a distinctive outgrowth.
crotchet One of several chitinized, hook-like structures
on the abdominal proleg of a lepidopterous larva.
cultivar A variety of a cultivated plant, produced by
breeding or selection.
cv. Cultivar.
cuticle The three-layered, non-cellular 'skin' of an
insect or mite.
deuterogenous Pertaining to deuterogeny.
deuterogeny Having distinct summer and winter forms.
deutogyne The winter female form of a deuterogenous
mite (cf. protogyne).
deutonymph The first-stage nymph of a mite.
diapause A period of rest. See
ecdysis The process of moulting from one growth stage
to the next, when the 'old' skin is cast and replaced
by another.
ectoparasite A parasite that develops outside its host
(cf. endoparasite).
elytral Pertaining to the elytra.
elytral suture The suture running down the back of a
beetle, between the elytra.
elytron ( pl . elytra ) One of a pair of hardened, horny
fore wings (as in a beetle and certain other
insects), that often form a protective cover over the
abdomen.
emarginate With a distinct indentation or notch.
endocuticle The inner layer of the cuticle (cf. epicuticle
and exocuticle).
endoparasite A parasite that develops inside its host (cf.
ectoparasite).
endopodite The inner part of the locomotive appendage
of a crustacean.
epicuticle The middle layer of the cuticle
(cf. endocuticle and exocuticle).
epidermal Pertaining to the epidermis.
epidermis In a plant, the protective outermost layer of
cells covering leaves, stems etc.
erineum ( pl . erinea ) A hair-lined, blister-like, mite-
induced gall.
Eurasiatic The zoogeographical region represented by
Europe and Asia.
exocuticle The outer layer of the cuticle (cf. endocuticle
and epicuticle).
exoskeleton The hardened external skeleton of an
invertebrate, to which the muscles are attached.
exuvia ( pl . exuviae ) The cast skin (cuticle) of an insect
or other arthropod.
eye bridge In certain flies, that part of the compound
eyes that meets at the top of the head.
eye-cap In certain moths, a hood-like structure formed
from the base of the antenna, that partly covers
the eye.
family A major taxonomic group of genera with
common technical characters.
feather-claw A feather-like outgrowth at the tip of the
leg of an eriophyid mite.
femur ( pl . femora ) In an insect, the third and frequently
the largest (but not necessarily the longest) segment
of the leg, located between the trochanter and the
tibia. Also, in a mite, the third segment of the leg,
located between the trochanter and the genu.
flagellar Pertaining to the flagellum.
flagellum The third (distal) part of a geniculate antenna
beyond the pedicellus. Subdivisions of the flagellum
are not strictly segments and are more correctly
termed 'flagellomeres'.
Aestivation
and
Hibernation .
digitate Finger-like.
dimorphism The existence of two distinct forms.
distal That part of an appendage furthest from the body.
dorsal Pertaining to the upper side of an animal
(cf. ventral).
dorsolateral Pertaining to sides of the dorsal surface of
an organism.
dorsoventral Pertaining to the upper and lower parts of
an organism.
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