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f or
f
exist?
Comparethis rsult with qn 33.
1
n
1
1
1
2
1
3 ...
1
n
68 Find thelimit of
as n .
Useqn 5.59.
Summary
-
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Theorem
qn 53
If f :[ a , b ] R is integrable, then the function F
defined by F ( x )
f , is continuous on [ a , b ].
Theorem
qn54
If f :[ a , b ] R is integrable and F ( x ) f ( x ),
then
f F ( b ) F ( a ).
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
qn 57
If f :[ a , b ] R is continuous and F ( x )
f ,
then F ( x ) f ( x ).
Improper integrals - definitions
qn 63
If I ( b )
f and I ( b ) L as b , then we
write
f L
.
qn 67
If I ( b ) L as b c , then we write
f L .
L
as a
qn 64
If I ( a )
f and I ( a )
, then we
write f L .
qn 65
If I ( a )
L
as a c
, then we write
f L
.
Historical note
In Archimedes' topic on the Quadrature of the Parabola (c. 250 ..)
he finds the area bounded by a parabolic segment by inscribing a
succession of triangles and summing their areas with a geometric series.
In this later work On Spirals he included a summation of segments of
areas which led to the same algebraic calculations and argument as in
our qn 1. Cavalieri, a pupil of Galileo, published further studies of area
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