Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disruption in Social Jetlag and Mental Illness - Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science - page 335

B C A

D E F

G H I

0 8 16 24 8 16 24 0 8 16

Time of day (h)

24 8 16 24 0 8 16 24 8 16 24

Figure 11.6 Six weeks of rest-activity patterns (actograms) and melatonin peak times
(dots) from subjects' in their home environment. Activity data are 48-h double plotted.
Black bars on the x-axis indicate nighttime, open bars indicate daytime, and the midline
indicates midnight. (A-C) Unemployed individuals showing clear entrainment to the
day/night cycle and low nighttime activity. (D-I) Actograms of patients with schizophre-
nia showing disrupted sleep patterns ranging from: (D) entrained but with variable
sleep onsets and periods; (E) disrupted, and (F) highly irregular rest-activity cycles;
(G) highly delayed rest-activity periods with bedtimes around 04:00; (H) reversed
rest-activity cycles alternating with free-running periods; and (I) delayed rest-activity
periods alternating with free-running periods. From Ref. 20 .