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b)
d)
1 00
-100
200.0
8 0
-50
a)
6 0
0
Lith
Phi
AI Best
Syn
Well
4 0
50
100
-200.0
2 0
ΔΥ (m)
0
× Well location
+ Selected trace location
Amplitude
c)
e)
0.75
0
0.5
-10
0.25
0
-20
-0.25
400
200
-0.5
-0.75
0
Synthetic shift (ms)
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 4.15 Example well tie generated from the well matching technique after 700 phase rotation and +16 ms time shift; (a) synthetic trace
('Syn') compared to the best match location trace ('Best'), (b) extracted wavelet, (c) cross-correlation over time segment, (d) PEP map showing
well location and best match location, (e) wavelet spectra.
b)
c)
-0
-100
-5
-50
a)
Synthetic Angle
Gather
0
-10
Lith
Phi
AI Best
Syn
Well
50
-15
100
Frequency (Hz)
Amplitude
d)
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 4.16 Example well tie generated using modified (zero phase) wavelet on phase rotated and time shifted data; (a) synthetic trace
(
49
'
Syn
'
) compared to the best match location trace (
'
Best
'
) and synthetic gather (0
-
400), (b) zero phase wavelet, (c) amplitude spectra,
(d) phase spectra.
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