Electrodynamic Properties of Space - Hydromagnetic Waves in the Magnetosphere and the Ionosphere - page 42

we have

= ω 2

σ σ

k 2 k 2

⊥

c 2 A −

.

For low frequencies, when the first term on the right-hand side can be ignored,
the above reduces to

i σ P
σ

k = ± k ⊥ .

It follows from Fig. 2.4 and the last equation that the ratio of a longitudinal
scale L to the transversal scale L ⊥ in the F -layer is of the order of L /L ⊥ ∼
300. This means that the wave magnetospheric perturbations with L ⊥

a
few kilometers, reach the E -layer almost without decay. But perturbations
with L ⊥ < 1 km decay so much that they cannot reach the E -layer.

References

1. Akasofu, S. I. and S. Chapman, Solar-Terrestrial Physics , Clarendon Press, Ox-
ford, England, 1972.
2. Alfven, H., Theory of magnetic storms, I. K. svenska Vetensk-Akad. Handl. , 18 ,
1939.
3. Alfven, H., Theory of magnetic storms. II, III. K. svenska Vetensk-Akad. Handl. ,
18 , 1940.
4. Alfven, H., On the electric field theory of magnetic storms and aurorae, Tel lus ,
7 , 50-64, 1955.
5. Baker, W. G. and D. F. Martyn, Electric currents in the ionosphere, I. The
conductivity. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. , A246 , 281-294, 1953.
6. Banks, P., Collision frequencies and energy transfer. Electrons, Plan. Space Sci. ,
14 , 1085-1103, 1966.
7. Banks, P., Collision frequencies and energy transfer. Ions, Plan. Space Sci. , 14 ,
1105-1122, 1966.
8. Berdichevsky, M. N. and M. S. Zhdanov, Advanced Theory of Deep Geomagnetic
Sounding, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1984.
9. Bilitza, D., IRI 2000, Radio Science , 36 , 261-276, 2001.
10. Bonetti, A., H. S. Bridge, A. J. Lazarus, B. Rossi, and F. Scherb, Explorer 10
Plasma Measurements, J. Geoph. Res. , 68 , 4017-4063, 1963
11. Breit, G. and Tuve, M. A., A test for the existence of the conducting layer,
Phys. Rev. , 28 , 554-575, 1926.
12. Carpenter, D. L., Whistler evidence of a 'knee' in the magnetospheric ionization
density profile, J. Geophys. Res. , 68 , 1675-1682, 1963.
13. Carpenter, D. L. and R. R. Anderson, An ISEE/whistler model of equatorial
electron density in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res. , 97 , 1097-1108, 1992.
14. Chamberlain, J. W., 1960, Interplanetary gas. II Expansion of a model solar
corona, Astrophys. J ., 131 , 47-56.
15. Chapman, S., The electrical conductivity of the ionosphere (a review), Nuovo
Cimento , 4 , suppl., 1385-1412, 1956.