Cytoprotective Activities of Water-Soluble Fullerenes in Zebrafish Models - Zebrafish: Methods for Assessing Drug Safety and Toxicity - page 262

Figure 19.5 Morphological organ abnormalities in the development of liver, intestine, and heart caused
by doses of fullerenes C3 (1), C3-tris, 2, 3, 8, and 9 near LC 50 . The liver, intestine, and heart are outlined
by magenta, yellow, and red lines, respectively, for easy visual assessment. Compared to controls (a, b,
and g), 250 mM C3-treated zebrafish exhibited unfolded cardiac chambers, and underdeveloped liver and
intestine (b), 500 mM 3-treated zebrafish exhibited enlarged liver and intestine (c), and 500 mM 2-treated
zebrafish exhibited underdeveloped liver and intestinal tract (f). No obvious defects on liver, intestine,
and heart were observed for 10

M 9 (i). However, slightly
enlarged cardiac chambers were observed for 8. No organ necrosis was observed with any of the treatments.
(See the color version of this figure in Color Plates section.)

m M C3-tris (e), 500 m M 8 (h), or 500 m

19.3.4 Protection of Zebrafish Embryos from CNS
Injury Due to 6-Hydroxydopamine

Previous reports in the literature (Lin et al., 1999, 2002, 2004; Lotharius et al., 1999;
Bisaglia et al., 2000; Jin et al., 2000; Dugan et al., 2001; Yang et al., 2001; Tzeng
et al., 2002; Simpson et al., 2003) have suggested that C3 (1) and related fullerenes

Table 19.3 Toxicity of C3 Decarboxylation Products in Zebrafish and Cell Culture

1 C3-penta C3-tetra C3-tris

Antioxidant activity in vitro (superoxide) 174 mM mM48 mM44 mM

Zebrafish toxicity 596 mM 373 mM 134 mM10 mM

Cell culture toxicity 350 mM ND ND 325 mM