Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10
7
Powered prosthesis
Rome et al. (2005)
Li et al. (2008)
10
6
Electronic prosthesis
Antaki et al. (1995)
10
5
Niu and Chapman, (2006)
Neural stimulators
10
4
Duffy and Carroll, (2004)
Shenck and Paradiso, (2001)
Cochlear implants
Mateu et al. (2007)
Saha et al. (2008)
Lee, (2007)
Bowers and Arnold, (2008)
10
3
Kymissis et al. (1998)
Lewandowski et al. (2007)
Romero et al. (2011)
Platt et al. (2005)a,b
Feenstra et al. (2008)
Pacemakers
Nishizawa et al. (2005)
10
2
Watkins et al. (2005)
ADS Thermo Life Generator
Tashiro et al. (2002)
Von Buren and Troster, (2007)
Hearing aids
Citizen TEG wristwatch
10
1
Arakawa et al. (2004)
Wristwatches
10
0
Thermal
Electromagnetic
Piezoelectric
Electrostatic
Chemical
10
-1
Miao et al. (2006)
10
-2
10
-1
10
0
10
1
10
2
Area (cm
2
) (cm
3
for electromagnetics)
Figure 4.1 Power consumption of medical devices versus power generation of reported energy harvesters operating below 10 Hz. Wristwatches added for comparison purposes.
