Applications of Machine Olfaction - The Electronic Nose Artificial Olfaction Technology - page 206

Table 8.1 Industry-based applications for electronic noses [ 2 ]

Industry area Application Specific use types and examples

Agriculture Crop protection, harvest timing and storage, meat,

seafood, and fish products, plant production

Homeland security, safe food supply
Crop ripeness, preservation treatments, freshness, contamination, spoilage
Cultivar selection, variety characteristics, plant disease diagnoses,
pest identification, detect non-indigenous pests of food crops

Pre- and post-harvest diseases

Airline transportation Public safety and welfare Explosive and flammable materials detection

Passenger and personnel security

Cosmetics Personal application products Product enhancement, consumer appeal

Perfume and cologne development

Fragrance additives

Environmental Air and water quality monitoring Pollution detection, effluents, toxic spills malodor emissions,

toxic/hazardous gases, control of point-source pollution releases

Indoor air quality control
Pollution abatement regulations

Food and beverage Consumer fraud prevention Ingredient confirmation, content standards, brand recognition,

product consistency, marketable condition, spoilage, shelf life,
off-flavors, product variety assessments

Quality control assessments
Ripeness, food contamination
Taste, smell characteristics

Manufacturing Processing controls, product uniformity,

safety, security, work conditions

Product characteristics and consistency
Aroma and flavor characteristics
Fire alarms, toxic gas leak detection

Medical and clinical Pathogen identification Patient treatment selection, prognoses

Pathogen or disease detection Disease diagnoses, metabolic disorders

Nutritional status, organ failures Physiological conditions

Military Personnel and population security civilian

and military Safety

Biological and chemical weapons
Explosive materials detection

Pharmaceutical Contamination, product purity Formulation consistency and uniformity

Quality control of drug purity Variations in product mixtures

Regulatory Consumer protection Product safety, hazardous characteristics air, water,

and soil contamination tests

Environmental protection

Scientific research Botany, ecological studies Chemotaxonomy, ecosystem functions