Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
8
Enzyme I
mmobilization on Chitosan-Based Supports
Kang Wang
CoNTENTS
8.1
Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 340
8.2
Enzyme Immobilization and Chitosan-Based Supports ............................................. 341
8.2.1
Current Methods of Enzyme Immobilization ................................................... 341
8.2.2
Several Supports of Enzyme Immobilization.................................................... 343
8.2.3
Methods of Enzyme Immobilization on Chitosan-Based Supports .............. 345
8.2.4
Preparation Methods of Chitosan-Based Supports .......................................... 348
8.3
Chitosan Gel for Enzyme Immobilization ..................................................................... 349
8.3.1
Solvent Evaporation............................................................................................... 349
8.3.1.1
Spin Coating ............................................................................................ 350
8.3.1.2
Spray Drying............................................................................................ 350
8.3.2
Phase-Inversion Technique................................................................................... 350
8.3.2.1
Chitosan Powders ................................................................................... 350
8.3.2.2
Spherical Beads........................................................................................ 351
8.3.2.3
Nanoparticles........................................................................................... 351
8.3.2.4
Chitosan Films......................................................................................... 351
8.3.3
Ionization Gelation Method ................................................................................. 352
8.3.3.1
Chitosan Beads ........................................................................................ 352
8.3.3.2
Micro/Nanoparticles .............................................................................. 352
8.3.4
Chemical Cross-Linking Method ........................................................................ 353
8.3.4.1
Chemical Cross-Linking by One Agent............................................... 353
8.3.4.2
Chemical Cross-Linking by Multiagents............................................. 356
8.3.4.3
Cross-Linking Chitosan as Affinity Support...................................... 356
8.3.5
Freezing-Thawing Treatment .............................................................................. 358
8.3.6
Electrodeposition Method .................................................................................... 358
8.3.7
Electrospinning Method....................................................................................... 360
8.4
Chitosan Modifications for Enzyme Immobilization................................................... 361
8.4.1
Chitosan Derivatives ............................................................................................. 362
8.4.1.1
Hydrophobically Modified Chitosan ................................................... 362
8.4.1.2
2-diethylaminochloroethane (DE)-Chitosan....................................... 362
8.4.1.3
Amino Acid-Modified Chitosan ........................................................... 363
8.4.1.4
Succinyl Anhydride-Modified Chitosan as pH-Sensitive Support .... 364
8.4.1.5
Photopolymerized Chitosan.................................................................. 364
8.4.2
Chemical-Grafted Chitosan Copolymer ............................................................ 365
8.4.2.1
Chitosan-Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate) Copolymer ............................ 365
8.4.2.2
Chitosan-Grafted Poly(Butyl Acrylate) by the Photochemical
Te c h n ique ................................................................................................. 365
339
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