Application of Chitosan-Based Gels in Pharmaceuticals - Chitosan Based Hydrogels: Functions and Applications - page 310

7
Application of Chitosan-Based Gels
in Pharma ceuticals
Yuliang Xiao, Jiangfeng Zhu, and Lianyin Zheng
CoNTENTS
7.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 316
7.2 Methods of Preparation of Drug Delivery Systems Based on Chitosan.................... 316
7.2.1 Methods of Preparation of Micro/Nanogels Based on Chitosan ................... 316
7.2.1.1 Emulsion Cross-Linking ........................................................................ 316
7.2.1.2 Coacervation/Precipitation ................................................................... 317
7.2.1.3 Spray Drying............................................................................................ 319
7.2.1.4 Emulsion-Droplet Coalescence Method .............................................. 319
7.2.1.5 Ionic Gelation........................................................................................... 320
7.2.1.6 Reverse Micellar Method ....................................................................... 321
7.2.1.7 Sieving Method ....................................................................................... 322
7.2.2 Methods of Preparing Films Based on Chitosan .............................................. 323
7.2.3 Methods of Preparation of Mass Gels Based on Chitosan............................... 323
7.2.3.1 Cross-Linking .......................................................................................... 323
7.2.3.2 Freeze/Thawing Process........................................................................ 323
7.2.4 Methods of Preparation of Thermosensitive In Situ
Gels Based on Chitosan ........................................................................................ 323
7.3 Drug Loading into Chitosan-Based Drug Delivery Systems ...................................... 324
7.4 Pharmaceutical Applications of Chitosan-Based Drug Delivery Systems................ 324
7.4.1 Large-Molecule Drug Delivery............................................................................ 324
7.4.1.1 Protein and Peptide Delivery ................................................................ 324
7.4.1.2 Enzyme Delivery..................................................................................... 325
7.4.1.3 Gene Delivery .......................................................................................... 325
7.4.1.4 Vaccine Delivery...................................................................................... 327
7.4.2 Oral Drug Delivery................................................................................................ 328
7.4.2.1 Gastric Delivery....................................................................................... 328
7.4.2.2 Colon-Selective Drug Delivery ............................................................. 329
7.4.3 Mucosal Delivery ................................................................................................... 330
7.4.3.1 Nasal Delivery ......................................................................................... 330
7.4.3.2 Pulmonary Delivery ............................................................................... 331
7.4.3.3 Ocular Delivery ....................................................................................... 331
7.4.4 Transdermal Drug Delivery ................................................................................. 332
7.5 Conclusions......................................................................................................................... 333
References..................................................................................................................................... 333
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