Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
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3.2 Blood Compatibility
3.2.1 Hemolytic Potential
Chitosan microspheres were found to have great utility in drug carrier and delivery sys-
tems [78]. More recent research published in the major biomaterial journals has focused on
the area of implantable applications of chitosan, including orthopedic/periodontal appli-
cations, tissue engineering, and wound healing [79]. Chitosan microspheres are poten-
tially useful as bone and periodontal filling materials [80,81]. Li et al. [82] reported that
chitosan-alginate microspheres had excellent short- and long-term effects on renal arterial
embolization. The preceding section highlighted the principal implantable application of
chitosan microspheres, among which chitosan microspheres have the opportunity to make
contact with blood. Therefore, the blood coagulation property seems to be important for
the safe use of chitosan microspheres.
3.2.1.1 Preparation of Chitosan Microspheres
Chitosan microspheres were prepared by following a patented procedure [83]. Chitosan
was dissolved in an acetic acid aqueous solution (1%, v/v) and dropped into toluene (oil
phases) containing 1% (v/v) Tween-80 and 1% Span-80 through a nozzle. The mixture was
stirred vigorously for 30 min and formaldehyde (15 mL) was added into the reaction sys-
tem for 1 h; then chitosan microspheres were separated, washed with deionized water, and
further cross-linked chemically with glutaraldehyde (0.025 wt%) for 2 h. Next, chitosan
 
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