Biomedical Engineering Reference
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Wave Dispersion:50% Porosity - isotropy
Wave Dispersion, 50% Porosity - anisotropy
4000
4000
f
crit
f
crit
P1 Fast Wave
P1 F1
P2 F1
P1 F2
P2 F2
P1 F3
P2 F3
P2 Slow Wave
3500
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
0
0
0
2
4
6
8
0
2
4
6
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
Wave Dispersion:70% Porosity - isotropy
Wave Dispersion, 70% Porosity - anisotropy
4000
4000
f
crit
f
crit
P1 F1
P2 F1
P1 F2
P2 F2
P1 F3
P2 F3
P1 Fast Wave
P2 Slow Wave
3500
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
0
0
10
0
10
2
10
4
10
6
10
8
10
0
10
2
10
4
10
6
10
8
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
Wave Dispersion:90% Porosity - isotropy
Wave Dispersion, 90% Porosity - anisotropy
4000
4000
f
crit
f
crit
P1 Fast Wave
P2 Slow Wave
P1 F1
P2 F1
P1 F2
P2 F2
P1 F3
P2 F3
3500
3500
3000
3000
2500
2500
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
1000
500
500
0
0
10
0
10
2
10
4
10
6
10
8
10
0
10
2
10
4
10
6
10
8
Frequency (Hz)
Frequency (Hz)
Fig. 9.6
A plot the fast (top three curves) and slow (lower three curves) wave speeds as a function
of frequency for different degrees of anisotropy at a porosities of 50, 70 and 90 % in cancellous
bone tissue. In ultrasonic measuring systems the viscous effects of the pore fluids damp out
potential observations of these waves below the critical frequency and the same damping occurs
at frequencies above the viscous frequency, which is 10
4
times the critical frequency
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