Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
This information could be used in a number of ways such as to establish nets of
communication or to oversee some participants' collaborative characteristics such as being
implementers or leaders. For example, it has been found that talkative group members are
more likely to be task leaders (Stein & Heller, 1979), and to receive more gazes and send less
than their peers (Peña & de Antonio, 2009).
4. Conclusions and future work
Base on the nonverbal behavior of the users' avatars in a CVE for learning, an IVA was
modeled within an experimental application with the intent to scaffold the collaborative
process. The model used only two NVC cues, talking turns and artifacts manipulation, to
give two types of advices: one regarding a balance in the group members' participation rates
in both talk and implementation; and, the other regarding an expected sequence in the Plan-
Implement-Review stages.
Two trials were presented, the first without the facilitator or IVA and the second one with it.
In the second trial, the observation of other two NVC cues was conducted, deictic gestures
and gazes, while some indications on this regard were pointed out.
Although in this chapter only nonverbal behavior took part in the facilitator modeling, our
final intention is to incorporate the scheme to a verbal analysis, an example, can be found in
(Peña, Aguilar, & de Antonio, 2010). In trying to avoid a restricted interface like the Sentence
Opener approach, the analysis in (Casillas & Daradoumis, 2009) will be adapted to the
model.
How people nonverbally behave in graphical environment through their avatars and how
they will adapt the CVE facilitations for that, are big open issues. The analysis in here was
narrowed to collaborative interaction during the accomplishment of a task in a small group
through only a few nonverbal communication cues, barely a small brushstroke of what is
suggested as a complete area for research.
5. References
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Argyle, M. (1990).
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Bailenson, J. N., Blascovich, J., Beall, A. C., & Loomis, J. (2003). Interpersonal distance in
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, 819-833.
Bales, R. F. (1970).
Personality and interpersonal behavior
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Bergstrom, T., & Karahalios, K. (2007). Conversation clock: Visualizing audio patterns in co-
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HICSS,
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