Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Mission
(1990-1999)
Arrival
at Mars
Launch
Termination
Elements
Outcome
Mars
Observer
25 September
1992
24 August
1993
21 August
1993
Orbiter
Lost contact just
before arrival
Mars
Global
Surveyor
7 November
1996
11 September
1997
5 November
2006
Orbiter
Success
Mars 96
16 November
1996
17 November
1996
Orbiter,
lander,
penetra-
tor
Launch failure
Mars
Pathfinder
4 December
1996
4 July 1997
27 September
1997
Lander,
rover
Success
Nozomi
(Planet-B)
3 July 1998
9 December
2003
Orbiter
Complications while
en route; never
entered the orbit
Mars
Climate
Orbiter
11 December
1998
23 September
1999
23 September
1999
Orbiter
Crashed on the
surface due to
metric-imperial
mix-up
Mars
Polar Lander
3 January
1999
3 December
1999
3 December
1999
Lander
Crash-landed on the
surface due to
improper hardware
testing
Deep
Space 2
(DS2)
Hard
landers
Mission
(2000-2009)
Arrival
at Mars
Launch
Termination
Elements
Outcome
2001
Mars
Odyssey
7 April 2001
24 October
2001
Currently
operational
Orbiter
Success
Mars
Express
2 June 2003
25 December
2003
Currently
operational
Orbiter
Success
Beagle 2
6 February
2004
Lander
Landing
failure; fate
unknown
MER-A
Spirit
10 June 2003
4 January
2004
22 March
2011
Rover
Success
MER-B
Opportunity
7 July 2003
25 January
2004
Currently
operational
Rover
Success
(continued)
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