Extreme weather events - Applied Geography: Principles and Practice - page 62

of physical environmental problems, it often
remains difficult to get academic human
geographers involved in geographical or
multidisciplinary research teams. Stoddart's
warning of twelve years ago to human
geographers: 'Fiddle if you will but at least be
aware that Rome is burning all the while'
(Stoddart 1987; p. 334), still has much validity.

Condit, R. (1998) Ecological implications of changes in
drought patterns: shifts in forest composition in
Panama. Climatic Chan ge 39, 413-27.
Emanuel, K.A. (1987) The dependence of hurricane
intensity on climate. Nature 326, 483-5.
Eyre, L.A. (1989) Hurricane Gilbert: Caribbean record
breaker. Weather 44, 160-4.
Eyre, L.A. and Gray, C. (1990) Utilization of satellite
imagery in the assessment of the effects of global
warming on the frequency and distribution of tropical
cyclones in the Caribbean, East Pacific and Australian
regions. Proceedings 23rd International Symposium on
Remote Sensing of Environment, Thailand 365-75.
Graves, P.E. and Bresnock, A.E. (1985) Are natural hazards
temporally random? Applied Geography 5, 5-12.
Gray, W.M. (1968) Global view of the origin of tropical
disturbances and storms. Monthly Weather Review 96, 55-73.
Gray, W.M. (1988) Environmental influences on tropical
cyclones. Australian Meteorological Magazine 36(3),
127-39.
Gray, W.M. and Sheaffer, J.D. (1991) El Niño and QBO
influences on tropical activity. In M.H. Glantz, R.H.Katz
and N.Nicholls (eds) Teleconnections Linking Worldwide
Climate Anomalies: Scientific Basis and Societal Impact,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 257-84.
Gruber, U. and Haefner, H. (1995) Avalanche hazard
mapping with satellite data and a digital elevation
model. Applied Geography 15, 99-114.
Howe, G.M., Slaymaker, H.O. and Harding, D.M. (1967)
Some aspects of the flood hydrology of the upper
catchments of the Severn and Wye. Transactions, Institute
of British Geographers 41, 33-58.
Hulme, M. (1986) The adaptability of a rural water supply
system to extreme rainfall anomalies in central Sudan.
Applied Geography 6, 89-106.
Hulme, M. (1987) Secular changes in wet season structure
in central Sudan. Journal of Arid Environments 13, 31-46.
Hulme, M. andViner, D. (1998) A climate change scenario
for the tropics. Climatic Change 39, 145-76.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1996)
Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change:
Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
edited by T.Houghton, I.G.Meira Filho, B.A.Callender,
N.Harris, A.Klattenberg and K.Maskel. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Landsea, C.W. (1993) A climatology of intense (or major)
Atlantic hurricanes. Monthly Weather Review 121, 1703-13.
McGregor, G. (1995) The tropical cyclone hazard over the
South China Sea 1970-1989 . Applie d Geography 15,
35-52.

GUIDE TO FURTHER READING

A recent comprehensive treatment of climatic
hazards is given in Smith (1996) Environmental
Hazards: Assessing Risk and Reducing Disaster,
Routledge). A methodology for assessing the
impacts of climatic change (including extreme
events) and adaptation to them is provided by
Parry and Carter (1997). An up-to-date review
and discussion of future climatic change in the
tropics, including a consideration of tropical
storms and hurricanes, is given by Hulme and
Viner (1998). The topic by Simpson and Riehl
(1981) on The Hurricane and its Impact remains a
classic account of the tropical cyclone hazard.
Walsh and Reading (1991) provide a detailed
account of historical changes in tropical cyclones
in the North Atlantic/ Caribbean, including the
methodology used and its limitations.

REFERENCES

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