Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
and other vegetation communities may all be
damaged by acid precipitation. Society also pays
its dues for the wealth generated through the
combustion of fossil fuels and industrialisation; the
very fabric of urban centres may be disfigured, and
there are increased risks to human health through
poor air quality.
Perhaps the most disturbing aspect of acid
precipitation is its interaction with other
environmental problems such as global warming
and the as yet unknown reactions and
ramifications that will emanate from this
relationship. Again, the underpinning mechanisms
involve an array of biogeochemical cycles. Who
knows where it all may lead? Physical geographers
and other applied scientists have a major role to
play in finding answers to such questions through
their research on environmental processes.
Arp, P.A., Oja, T. and Marsh, M. (1996) Calculating critical
S and N loads and current exceedance for upland
forests in southern Ontario, Canada.
Canadian Journal
of Forest Research
26, 696-709.
Battarbee, R.W. (1994) Diatoms, lake acidification and the
Surface Water Acidification Program (SWAP)— a
review.
Hydrobiologia
274, 1-7.
Battarbee, R.W., Flower, R.J., Stevenson, A.C., Jones, V.J.,
Harriman, R. and Appleby, P.G. (1988) Diatom and
chemical evidence for reversibility of acidification of
Scottish lochs.
Nature
332, 530-2.
Blette, V.L. and Newton, R.M. (1996) Application of the
integrated lake watershed acidification study model to
watershed liming in Woods Lake, New York.
Biogeochemistry
32, 363-83.
Charles, D.F. and Smol, J.P. (1994) Long-term chemical
changes in lakes—quantitative inferences from biotic
remains in the sediment record.
Advances in Chemistry
Series
237, 321.
Charlson, R.J., Anderson, T.L. and McDuff, R.E. (1992)
The sulfur cycle. In S.S.Butcher, R.J. Charlson,
G.H.Orions and G.V.Wolfe (eds)
Global Biogeochemical
Cycles,
London:Academic Press, 285-300.
Dixit, A.S., Dixit, S.S. and Smol, J.P. (1996) Long-term trends
in limnological characteristics in the Aurora trout lakes,
Sudbury, Canada.
Hydrobiologia
335, 171-81.
Elsworth, S. (1984)
Acid Rain.
Earthscan: London.
Elvingson, P. (1997) Still many trees damaged.
Acid News
4-5, 14-15.
Gleick, P.H. (ed.) (1993)
Water in Crisis: A Guide to the
World's Freshwater Resources.
Oxford University Press:
Oxford.
Gorham, E. (1958) The influence and importance of daily
weather conditions in the supply of chloride, sulphate
and other ions to freshwaters from atmospheric
precipitation.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
of London
B241, 147-78.
Gunn, J.M. and Keller, W. (1990) Biological recovery of an
acid lake after reductions in industrial emissions of
sulphur.
Nature
345, 431-3.
Hedin, L.O. and Likens, G.E. (1996) Atmospheric dust and
acid rain.
Scientific America
275, 56-60.
Houghton, J.T., Meira Filho, L.G., Callander, B.A., Harris,
N., Kattenberg, A. and Maskell, K. (eds) (1996)
Climate
Change 1995. The Science of Climate Change.
Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Jaffe, D.A. (1992) The nitrogen cycle. In S.S.Butcher,
R.J.Charlson, G.H.Orions and G.V.Wolf (eds)
Global
Biogeochemical Cycles,
London: Academic Press, 263-84.
Kato, N. (1996) Analysis of structure of energy
consumption and dynamics of emission of atmospheric
GUIDE TO FURTHER READING
McCormick, J. (1997)
Acid Earth
, (3rd edition).
Earthscan: London. A valuable introduction that
provides a good overview of the problem from
the chemistry to the politics.
Wellburn, A. (1994)
Air Pollution and Acid Rain. The
Biological Impact,
(2nd edition). Longman: Harlow. A
scientific treatment of air pollution with emphasis
on its impact on ecosystems and organisms.
Acid News
is a newsletter from the Swedish NGO
Secretariat on Acid Rain. It is published by the
Swedish Society for Nature Conservation and is
available free of charge from the Swedish NGO
Secretariat on Acid Rain, Box 7005, S-402 31
Göteborg, Sweden.
REFERENCES
Ågren, C. (1997) Monitoring figures show decline.
Acid
News
4-5, 16-17.
Ardö, J., Lambert, N., Henzlik, V. and Rock, B.N. (1997)
Satellite-based estimations of coniferous forest cover
changes: Krusné Hory, Czech Republic 1972-1989.
Ambio
26, 158-166.
