Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
O
O
CH
2
OH
Ar
Ar
FeCl
3
Aq. Me
2
CO
Ar
Ar
Ar
O
O
O
O
O
+
+
O
O
O
O
Ar
Ar
Ar
Ar = 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl
FIGURE 6.16
Chemistry: Rare lignan, germination inhibitor, found only in select wheat
varieties. (From R. Cooper et al., 1994,
J Arid Environ
27(4):331-336.)
SUMMARY
This chapter introduces phenolic compounds, particularly the examples of flavonoids,
flavones and their glycosides, tannins, anthraquinones, coumarins, and anthocyanins.
Finally, a description of lignin and lignin compounds is given. These compounds origi-
nate from the same building blocks: cinnamic acids, and the C6-C3 phenylpropanoids.
QUESTIONS
1. Ginkgo contains two sets of bioactive compounds. What are they?
2. Draw the structure of bilobalide.
3. What class of compound does it belong?
4. A common flavonoid found in nature is quercetin. What is its structure?
5. What is the key difference between a flavone and isoflavone?
6. The paper industry needs to delignify. Describe the process.
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