Java Reference
In-Depth Information
It is a compile-time error if it is impossible to convert the type of either operand to the type
of the other by a casting conversion (§ 5.5 ). The run-time values of the two operands would
necessarily be unequal.
At run time, the result of == is true if the operand values are both null or both refer to the
same object or array; otherwise, the result is false .
The result of != is false if the operand values are both null or both refer to the same object or
array; otherwise, the result is true .
While == may be used to compare references of type String , such an equality test determines
whether or not the two operands refer to the same String object. The result is false if the
operands are distinct String objects, even if they contain the same sequence of characters
3.10.5 ) . The contents of two strings s and t can be tested for equality by the method in-
vocation s.equals(t) .
15.22. Bitwise and Logical Operators
The bitwise operators and logical operators include the AND operator & , exclusive OR
operator ^ , and inclusive OR operator | .
AndExpression:
EqualityExpression
AndExpression & EqualityExpression
ExclusiveOrExpression:
AndExpression
ExclusiveOrExpression ^ AndExpression
InclusiveOrExpression:
ExclusiveOrExpression
InclusiveOrExpression | ExclusiveOrExpression
These operators have different precedence, with & having the highest precedence and | the
lowest precedence.
Each of these operators is syntactically left-associative (each groups left-to-right).
Each operator is commutative if the operand expressions have no side effects.
Each operator is associative.
The bitwise and logical operators may be used to compare two operands of numeric type
or two operands of type boolean . All other cases result in a compile-time error.
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