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coefficients were low between BL/NL; BL/FN and NL/FN, moderate between BL/IC, and
strong between BL/HP (r = 0.755).
Fishing Effort (E)
The crew size (FN) presented the best correlation with the fish capture (r = 0.70), when
the fishing effort unit was defined as FN x Hr. The multiple regression values were significant
among capture and IC, NL and FN (at 95%) in stratum one and between NL and FN for
stratum two. In both cases there was no tolerance. Besides, co-linearity between IC and FN
and between IC and NL was detected; confirming FN x Hr as the unit of fishing effort.
Fishery
Stratum fleet one follows the seasonality of the estuary. From January to May, the
Amazon river's discharge is at a maximum and its great force pushes the sea outside the bay.
The fishermen who fish piramutaba (
Pseudoplastistoma vailantii
) stay in the Marajó Bay,
while the ones who capture pescada (
Cynoscion acoupa
) go to saltier grounds. From June to
December the river flow decreases and the sea approaches the coast and all the vessels fish in
the Marajó Bay. The stratum two fleet always fishes in the coast of the State of Amapá
(Figure 1).
When fishing, fishermen await the high tide to throw the net that drifts until the tide
begins to lower (5 hours on average). Pulling the net occupies at least two fishermen; another
one pulls fish out of the net, while one-two others gather the net again. Once the whole net is
on the boat, the fish is gutted and stocked in the cargo-hold with ice.
Accidental Capture of Dolphins
In the two phases of the research, the analysis of linear regression between fishing
effort and the accidental capture of dolphins was significant for stratum one, however the
correlation coefficients were very low (
n
1
=
350; r
1
= 018; e
n
2
= 590; r
2
= 0.12). They
were not significant for stratum two.
Socio-Economic and Cultural Aspects
In the two phases of the research the percentages of trips with accidental capture were
similar and the averages did not present significant differences. Approximately, 33.4% of the
trips had accidentally captured dolphins. Of the animals killed 95.77% were thrown back into
the sea after eyes (14.11%), face (9.03%); penises or genital area (11.0%) parts were
extracted. The animal carcasses brought to port were analyzed by researchers and later used
by the fishermen as bait.
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