Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.1. Selected missions to Venus (all by the USSR except where indicated otherwise)
Spacecraft
Arrival date
Type of vehicle
Venera 1
May 1961
Flyby
Mariner 2
a
Dec. 1962
Flyby
Venera 4
Oct. 1967
Descent vehicle and
yby
Venera 5
May 1969
Descent vehicle and
yby
Venera 8
Jul. 1972
Soft lander and
yby
Mariner 10
a
Feb. 1974
Flyby
Venera 9
Oct. 1975
Soft lander and orbiter
Venera 10
Oct. 1975
Soft lander and orbiter
Pioneer Venus probes
a
Dec. 1978
One large and three small probes and orbiter
Venera 11
Dec. 1978
Lander and
yby
Venera 12
Dec. 1978
Lander and
yby
Venera 13 and 14
Mar. 1982
Landers and
ybys
Venera 15 and 16
Oct. 1983
Orbiters
Vega 1 and 2
Jun. 1985
Landers and
ybys
Magellan
a
Aug. 1990
Orbiter
Venus Express
b
Nov. 2006
Orbiter
a
NASA.
b
ESA.
Figure 6.1. Mosaics of Magellan radar
images with selected named features
and regions (PIA 00157, 158, 159, and
160 as base images).
