Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
where
/,
j
1,m ,
j
q ;
j
,
- mean values of the soil quality in agricultural
iq
i
q
2
spots j, q determining a semivariogram jump ξ
jq
on their area boundary
(
)
/ 2 .
jq
j
q
A main advantage of modelling on the basis of the nugget-effect consists in its applicability
even if a number of experimental points are scarce, so it is conditioned, e.g., by small sizes of
an investigated spot of the agricultural field. Fig. 9 shows the process of generating soil
electronic maps by means of the developed software “ISIDP” for data processing of the
sensory control of soil and the realization of precision agriculture. The half-dispersion of
distances is determined in accordance with the accepted modelling algorithm and
interpolated curve fitting by the approximation of neighbouring values, bilinear, bicubic,
and cubic splines is realized using the developed application and for generating maps of
isolines of distributed initial data. If grid-point data are initial ones, then these ones can be
presented in the form of a matrix. The visualization of every contour curve for initial data is
realised after the introduction of a matrix of distributed values (Fig. 9a,b) [5]. To improve
visual perception of the electronic map, spot colour filling is fulfilled according to the
chosen colour legend (Fig. 9c). The isolines obtained at this stage are only precise in nodal
points, so the bivariate data interpolation is used (Fig. 9d).
Fig. 9. Modelling soil electronic maps
The developed microsensory system “ISED” can be used for farm enterprises, individual
entrepreneurs, agricultural holdings getting users exactly to know where fertilizers have to
be introduced and what crops should be produced in a defined spot. “ISED” includes a
multichannel sensor for the detection of organic substances in soil, a receiver of the satellite
navigation system, data processing and logging controller but also a special software for this
one (Fig. 10). The microsensory system “ISED” can send information automatically to a
home computer or mobile devices (smartphone, communicator, iPad, etc.) of farmers, and
satellite positioning enables “ISED” to be applied not with hectares, but with some hundred
square metres accurate to 5 cm.
