Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
knowledge, students gain not only stable knowledge, but also reveal their relationship and
communication with other structures of knowledge. The concretization of knowledge and
its consideration in relations and connections, allow the student to generate knowledge
based on previous knowledge, or by identifying stable relationship, connections among the
structures of knowledge, he/she formalizes them and moves to the stage of formal
operations. It can be said that knowledge of every student in a constructive teaching goes
through three stages: intuitive, concrete and formal. Quantity of previous knowledge
through these stages is the result of intelligence, its richness, its diversity.
Principle 6. Lesson structure
The lesson in constructive teaching is designed structurally. The learner designs logical
structures of knowledge, structures of mental activity and structure of the learning activities
of students.
The structure of mental activity
Construction of thinking and cooperative structure activities are designed in isomorphic
stages of intellectual development of students. Over the logical structures of knowledge
students perform mental operations. This intellectual activity of students individually or in
co-operation builds, destroys, strengthens and develops structures of intelligence of each
separately helps a student to build his/her own individual way of thinking, understanding,
which he/she later turns into personal tool of knowledge.
Structure of educational activities
Learning activities of students can be individual or interactive. For organization of an
interactive activity students use cooperative learning structures of American scientist
Spencer Kagan. Interaction of students in these structures leads to reflection, which is one of
the major factors in construction of knowledge. Social skills acquired in the structures of
interactive activities are combined with the intellectual skills that are generated by thinking
activity.
Each lesson in constructive teaching is designed by the teacher in advance. For design of the
lesson of constructive teaching 7 elements are used.
Seven elements of constructive teaching
While establishing a lesson, the CT uses the following elements:
2.1 Search
The teacher poses questions to the subject, to determine what students know about the topic
what they will do, what decisions will be taken and what conclusions they will come. Search
is to identify the essence of the meaning of the theme, determine its place in the system of
knowledge; search - it is a motivation of cognitive activities of a student and understanding
of given tasks from his/her pyramids of knowledge. Search - it is a concept for a teacher,
how well students understand and explain the topic. Search - it is definition by the teacher
zone of knowledge of students about the given subject and the prospect of its extension and
application. Search - are statements by teachers to bring students on the track, which he has
drawn.
