Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
RNase III enzyme Dicer to generate a miRNA duplex. The strand of the duplex with
the least thermodynamically stable 5
terminus is subsequently incorporated into the
RISC and directed towards recognition of the 3
UTR of target mRNA. In mammals,
miRNA regulate protein expression primarily by repressing protein translation. Thus,
alterations in miRNA expression allow cells to fine-tune protein expression to more
appropriately control cellular fate and metabolism. Although there is an enhanced
appreciation for the roles of miRNA in regulating cellular fate and metabolism,
much remains to be known about the mechanisms controlling aspects of miRNA
expression, miRNA turnover, and stoichiometry of miRNA: target ratios required
for target repression.
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