Image Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
Then, taking the two-dimensional Fourier transform of data in this plane will
produce an image. Similar to EPI, spiral imaging can produce is suitable for use
in rapid imaging such as fMRI and cardiac imaging.
Parallel MRI
techniques are characterized by multiple RF receiver coils and
associated RF receiver electronics. The proposed methods, such as SMASH [15],
SENSE [16], and SPACE RIP [17] offer improved temporal and/or spatial reso-
lution, so that they are good candidates for clinical imaging applications that
require both high speed and resolution, such as cardiac imaging. Each parallel
MRI method uses a unique reconstruction scheme that exploits the independence
of the spatial sensitivity profiles of the RF coils. Most recently, they have been
successfully combined with other fast acquisition methods, offering further
improvements; for example, the UNFOLD method for increasing temporal res-
olution was recently applied to parallel coil acquisition [18], and non-Cartesian
SENSE [19] renders the use of the SENSE reconstruction technique compatible
with complicated k-space trajectories, such as spiral imaging.
ACRONYMS
EPI
Echo-planar imaging
FA
Flip angle
FFT
Fast Fourier transform
FID
Free induction decay
fMRI
functional magnetic resonance imaging
FOV
Field of view
GE
Gradient echo
IR
Inversion recovery
MR
Magnetic resonance
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
MRS
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
PD
Proton density
RF
Radio frequency
SE
Spin echo
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
TE
Echo time
TI
Inversion time
TR
Repetition time
REFERENCES
1.
Bloch, F. (1946). Nuclear induction.
Phys. Rev
. 70: 460.
2.
Purcell, E.M., Torrey, H.C., and Pound, R.V. (1946). Resonance absorption by
nuclear magnetic moments in a solid.
Phys. Rev
. 69: 37.
3.
Ernst, R.R. and Anderson, W.A. (1966). Application of Fourier transform spec-
troscopy to magnetic resonance.
Rev. Sci. Instrum
. 37: 93.
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