Image Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
10
MRI Measurement of
Heart Wall Motion
Alistair A. Young
CONTENTS
10.1 Introduction............................................................................................343
10.2 Tagging...................................................................................................344
10.2.1 Selective Tagging ....................................................................344
10.2.2 Spatial Modulation of Magnetization .....................................345
10.2.3 Complementary SPAMM........................................................347
10.3 SPAMM Image Analysis .......................................................................349
10.3.1 Stripe Tracking ........................................................................349
10.3.2 Homogeneous Strain ...............................................................350
10.3.3 Nonhomogeneous Strain .........................................................350
10.3.4 Reconstruction of 3-D Kinematics .........................................351
10.3.5 Slice Following .......................................................................353
10.4 HARP .....................................................................................................353
10.4.1 Theory .....................................................................................353
10.4.2 Kinematics...............................................................................355
10.4.3 CSPAMM HARP ....................................................................356
10.5 Phase-Contrast Velocity .........................................................................356
10.6 DENSE...................................................................................................358
10.6.1 Theory .....................................................................................358
10.6.2 CSPAMM DENSE (Cine-DENSE) ........................................359
10.6.3 Kinematics...............................................................................360
10.7 Diffusion ................................................................................................360
10.8 Future Directions ...................................................................................362
10.9 Conclusions............................................................................................362
References .........................................................................................................363
10.1
INTRODUCTION
Impaired cardiac function in a region of the heart is associated with abnormal
local cardiac wall motion and deformation [1]. A quantitative description of
regional heart wall motion is required for the assessment of cardiac performance,
both in the diagnosis of disease and the evaluation of treatment effect. In addition,
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