Image Processing Reference
In-Depth Information
7
Image Registration
Methods in MRI
Vincenzo Positano
CONTENTS
7.1 Introduction..............................................................................................189
7.2 The Registration Problem........................................................................192
7.3 Similarity Metrics ....................................................................................193
7.3.1 Mutual Information ....................................................................196
7.3.2 Phantom Experiments..................................................................197
7.4 The Interpolation Effect in the Registration Problem ............................199
7.5 Optimization Techniques in Image Registration.....................................201
7.5.1 Nelder-Mead Simplex Algorithm ...............................................202
7.5.2 Genetic Algorithms......................................................................203
7.6 Registration of Multiple Data Sets .........................................................205
7.7 Brain Images Registration ......................................................................211
7.7.1 fMRI Images Registration ...........................................................212
7.7.2 Mapping of fMRI on Anatomical Images
and Brain Atlas ............................................................................213
7.7.3 fMRI Registration Experiment....................................................213
7.8 Cardiac Images Registration ...................................................................215
References .........................................................................................................218
7.1
INTRODUCTION
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides information about the size, shape,
and spatial relationships among anatomical structures, together with functional
information with or without the use of contrast media. Combining the information
provided by MRI with that provided by other acquisition modalities is an important
issue in MRI-based diagnostic. For instance, computer-assisted tomography (CT)
images of bony structures and ultrasound (US) views of soft tissues can improve
the anatomical information provided by MRI. Positron emission tomography (PET)
and single-photon computed tomography (SPECT) imaging provide quantitative
information on blood flow and metabolic processes that can be combined with MRI.
Other important fields of application of multimodal registration are image-guided
therapy, neurosurgery, and orthopedic surgery [1]. Registration is also used in
189
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