Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Mean discharge (m /s)
3
2000
Fillingof Ataturk dam
0
Mean discharge (m³/s)
Fig. 3.4 Mean annual discharge of the Euphrates River (m
3
/s) for the period 1975-2005 (Source
adapted from DIWU
2009
)
Fig. 3.5 Approximate spatial LULC-distribution in the ERB and Syria (Source
http://images.
atlantica trees found in Jabal Abd Al-Aziz region. For decades, no young growth
has been recorded because the destruction of the undergrowth has significantly
deteriorated the micro-climate and the soil surface is now largely eroded. It is
predicted that it will take only a few more decades in many parts of Syria before
all of the few remaining tree ruins die and the last remnants of former high forests
will disappear. This is due in the main because of thousands of years of human
cultural activity. The desert steppe in the ERB was originally densely vegetated
featuring tall grasses over 50 cm in height, with species such as Stipa, Agropyrum,
and Festucaspecies dominating. This grassland likely contained sparse groves or
woods of pistachios. In addition, it is thought the steppe was home to junipers such
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