Universal Spectrum for Atmospheric Suspended Particulates: Comparison with Observations: Data Set I - Rain Formation in Warm Clouds: General Systems Theory - page 61

Data details: cloud particle concentration per cc between 1.7 and 47.0 μm in
15 channels. Particle Measuring Systems Model FSSP-100. Calculated from raw
counts and sample time. Seven data sets containing cloud drop size/number con-
centration were used for the study. The data are output at 1-s resolution (http://daac.
ornl.gov/S2K/guides/s2k_CV580.html).

3.5.4 Data Set IV: TWP-ICE, Joss-Waldvogel Disdrometer

Rain DSDs

The Tropical Western Pacific—International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE) was
held near Darwin, Australia, to collect in-situ and remote-sensing measurements
of clouds, precipitation, and meteorological variables from the ground to the low-
er stratosphere. During TWP-ICE, vertically pointing profiling radar, surface rain
gauge, and disdrometer observations were collected for the whole wet season from
November 2005 through March 2006. The Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer was opera-
tional from 3 November 2005 through 10 February 2006.

3.6 Analysis and Discussion of Results

The atmospheric suspended particulate size spectrum is closely related to the verti-
cal velocity spectrum (Sect. 1.6). The mean volume radius of suspended aerosol
particulates increases with height (or reference level z ) in association with decrease
in number concentration. At any height (or reference level) z , the fractal fluctua-
tions (of wind, temperature, etc.) carry the signatures of eddy fluctuations of all
size scales since the eddy of length scale z encloses smaller scale eddies and at the
same time forms part of internal circulations of eddies larger than length scale z
(Sect. 1.4). The observed atmospheric suspended particulate size spectrum also ex-
hibits a decrease in number concentration with increase in particulate radius. At any
reference level z of measurement the mean volume radius r as will serve to calculate
the normalized radius r an for the different radius class intervals as explained below.
The general systems theory for fractal space-time fluctuations in dynamical sys-
tems predicts universal mass size spectrum for atmospheric suspended particulates
(Sect. 1.6.4). For homogeneous atmospheric suspended particulates, i.e., with the
same particulate substance density, the atmospheric suspended particulate mass and
radius size spectrum is the same and is given as (Sect. 1.6.4) the normalized aerosol
number concentration equal to 1
N

d
d(ln an )

N
r

versus the normalized aerosol radius r an ,

r
r

a

where (i) r an is equal to , r a being the mean class interval radius and r as the mean

as

volume radius for the total aerosol size spectrum; (ii) N is the total aerosol number
concentration and d N is the aerosol number concentration in the aerosol radius class