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Fig. 1.2  Eddies in the atmo-
spheric planetary boundary
layer
Fig. 1.3  Growth of large
eddy in the environment of
the turbulent eddy
large eddy occurs because of buoyant energy generation in turbulent fluctuations as
a result of the latent heat of condensation of atmospheric water vapor on suspended
hygroscopic nuclei such as common salt particles. The latent heat of condensation
generated by the turbulent eddies forms a distinct warm envelope or a microscale
capping inversion (MCI) layer at the crest of the large-eddy circulations as shown in
Fig. 1.2 .
The turbulent eddies originating from surface friction exist all along the enve-
lope of the large eddy (Fig. 1.2 ) and the MFC takes place even in an unsaturated
environment (Pruppachar and Klett 1997 ).
Progressive upward growth of the large eddy occurs from the turbulence scale at
the planetary surface to a height R and is seen as the rising inversion of the daytime
ABL (Fig. 1.3 ).
The turbulent fluctuations at the crest of the growing large-eddy mix overly-
ing environmental air into the large-eddy volume, i.e., there is a two-stream flow
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