Organic Electrode Reactions - Fundamentals and Applications of Organic Electrochemistry - page 120

phthalonitrile, antraquinone, nitrobenzene,
viologen, superoxide ion.

The reduction potentials of aromatic mediators
for indirect cathodic reduction are shown in
Table 5.2 .

Table 5.2 Reduction potentials of aromatic
mediators for indirect cathodic reduction

Compound E 1/2 (V vs. SCE)
Phthalonitrile −1.7
4-Methoxybenzophenone −1.8
Anthracene −2.0

Methyl benzoate −2.2

Benzonitrile −2.2

Chrysene −2.5

Naphthalene −2.5

5.1.2 Organic Electrolytic Reactions
Using Mediators

5.1.2.1 Electrosynthesis Using Multivalent
Metal Ion Mediators

Polyvalent metal ions have been used for a long
time and some are still used for industrial
electrolysis. Synthetic examples using such
mediators are illustrated in Eq. 5.3 . Direct
electrolysis of toluene derivatives provides a
mixture of aldehyde and carboxylic acid
derivatives, while each product can be obtained