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electric field (approximately 10
7
-10
8
V cm
−1
),
their reactivity and behaviour are often quite
different from the same reactive species
generated by other methods. Useful synthetic
reactions can be developed utilizing such
unique electrogenerated reactive species. A
variety of ionic and radical species are
generated by electrolysis. Electrochemically
generated reactive species are classified into
carbon species and heteroatom ones, and their
generation methods are explained below.
4.7.1 Carbon Species
4.7.1.1 Anodically Generated Carbon
Species
Oxidation of Carboxylic Acid:
Anodic
oxidative decarboxylation of carboxylic acid
generates an alkyl radical and/or alkyl cation
[27]. A carboxylic acid with a straight alkyl
chain is oxidized at the Pt anode in weak acidic
solution to generate mainly the corresponding
alkyl radical. On the other hand, anodic
oxidation of carboxylic acid with an α-branched
alkyl chain at a carbon anode in neutral or
alkaline solution generates mainly the
corresponding alkyl cation.
(4.81)
Oxidation of Carbanion and Active
Hydrogen Compounds:
The oxidation
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