Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
6.1.4 .NET
The .NET product suite is largely a rewrite of Windows DNA, which con-
stitutes Microsoft's previous platform constituents for developing enter-
prise applications. The .NET technologies offer language independence
and language interoperability. A .NET component can be written par-
tially in different programming languages. The .NET technology converts
this composite language component into an intermediary neutral lan-
guage called Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). This MSIL code
is then interpreted and compiled to a native executable file. The .NET
Framework also includes a runtime environment called the Common
Language Runtime (CLR). This environment is analogous to the Sun
Microsystems' Java Runtime Environment (JRE).
Microsoft has packed a number of servers as part of the .NET platform
called the .NET Enterprise Servers. These servers provide vital services for
hosting enterprise-class applications. Some important servers included as
part of the .NET Servers are SQL Server, Exchange Server, Commerce Server,
Cluster Server, Host Integration Server, and BizTalk Server.
If .NET becomes an open platform and is ported to operating systems
other than Windows, it will be a valuable contender to Sun's J2EE.
6.2 Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) Using J2EE
J2EE is the result of Sun's effort to integrate the assortment of Java technolo-
gies and API together into a cohesive Java development platform for devel-
oping complex distributed Java applications. Sun's enhancement of the n-tier
development model for Java, combined with the introduction of specific
functionalities to permit easier development of the server-side scalable Web-
based enterprise applications, has led to a wide adoption of Java for Web-
centric application development.
Enterprise application development entails expertise in a host of areas
like interprocess communications, memory management, security issues,
and database-specific access queries. J2EE provides built-in support for ser-
vices in all these areas, enabling developers to focus on implementing busi-
ness logic rather than intricate code that supports basic application support
infrastructure.
There are numerous advantages of application development in the J2EE
area:
• J2EE offers support for componentization of enterprise applications
that enable higher productivity via reusability of components, rapid
development of functioning applications via prebuilt functional
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