Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Bangkok, Thailand. Cities the world over are suffer-
ing from traffic growth, aspirations for increased
motorisation, and the projections are that this will
only get worse. Congestion and lengthy journey times
are most evident in Asian and South American cities,
some cities have horrific average journey times.
Source
: Carlos Pardo.
Poster advertising Ford, the 'general utility car',
c.1912 (colour litho)
Source
: Cuningham, Oswald Hamilton (b. 1883)/Victoria and
Albert Museum, London, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Facing page:
Plate 1.3
Advertisement for the Oldsmobile Olds Sixty, 1939 (litho), American School (20th century). Motor
car ownership becomes affordable for the masses, or at least a wider selection of 'the privileged'. And, of
course, low density suburbia is an integral part of the motorisation dream.
Source
: Private collection/Peter Newark American Pictures/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Plate 1.4
The Studebaker Land Cruiser, 1948 (colour litho), American School (20th century). Even the high-
end styling is offered to the masses.
Source
: Private collection/Peter Newark American Pictures/The Bridgeman Art Library.
Plate 1.5
Tokyo, Japan. Many cities have been expanded in the 1970s to 1990s, when the emphasis was on
increasing highway capacity, including with urban motorways. This has been less effective at relieving
congestion than envisaged, with traffic filling the space provided. There are severe problems in environmental
terms, including severance, poor air quality, CO2 emissions, and adverse impacts on urban quality.
Source
: Manfred Breithaupt.
