Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5.3
Delhi - some statistics
Issue
Comment
Demonym
Dehli-ite
Population
India (2011)
1,210 million
India (2001)
1,029 million
India (1900)
239 million
a
India (1800s)
200 million
Delhi National Capital Region
22.2 million
Delhi urban area (2007)
14.8 million
Delhi urban area (1900)
400,000
Area (2007)
1,483 km
2
Population density (2007)
9,340/km
2
Income per capita (2007)
Rupees, Rs. 38,864 (£537)
Economic growth (2007)
GDP growth rate 9.9%
Cars per 1,000 persons
50
Motorcycles per 1,000 persons
74
Mode share by trips
Car (8%), motorcycle (14%), public transport (38%), bicycle
and pedestrian (40%)
Metro network
Six lines commenced in 2002 with a total length of 190 km
and 142 stations, 35 are underground. An average daily
ridership of over 1.5 million commuters
Bus rapid transit network
Phase One (2005-10) has seven corridors and a route length of
116 km
Delhi/NCR Metro Fare
A minimum Rs. 8 (£0.11) to a maximum of Rs .30 (£0.42)
CO2 reduction target
The Copenhagen Accord Pledge (2010) for India is to reduce
their carbon intensity by 20-25% by 2020 on 2005 levels
Total CO2 emissions (2008)
0.9 tCO2 per capita
Transport CO2 emissions (2008)
0.4 tCO2 per capita
Transport % of total
46%
Note
:
a
India is representative of many poorer nations in having only incremental population growth until the early 1900s due
to the high birth and death rates; once some of the major public health problems were tackled (including at birth and in
childhood), life expectancy rose and aggregate population levels increased.
Source
: Hildago and Pai, 2009; Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, 2010; Thynell et al., 2010; Hickman
and Banister, 2011; Dhamija, 2012.
in informal settlements. Formal housing, usually constructed within planning regulations, is
principally aimed at the middle and upper classes, reflecting their ability to pay and the poten-
tial for the developer to make profit. The majority of the population growth has been in the
informal sector, and nearly 50 per cent of the population lives in informal settlements of
various types (Badami et al., 2004; Cox, 2010). GDP is expected to grow in the coming decade
at up to 10 per cent per annum, continuing the current growth rate (2007) (Government of
National Capital Territory of Delhi, 2010).
The principal strategic objective for Delhi, and common to almost all other cities, is to
develop in a sustainable manner. This is narrowly interpreted, as principally facilitating
economic growth whilst also improving the environment and social equity. From the 1980s
