Global Positioning System Reference
In-Depth Information
Information commons are a new and potentially disruptive business model
and the open aspects of Web 2.0 are leading to a very different approach to
mapping applications that are often used to display positioning information. As
the scope of the Internet widens and more devices become networked by wireless,
the resulting infrastructures help Whereness. Several business areas of relevance
were reviewed including GNSS, cellular radio, wireless hotspots, and groupware.
Simplicity and automation are also important to provide new position-aware
value-added services that may be demanded by customers and be very profitable.
The importance of software intelligence was highlighted and the automatic
systems operating in the background of Whereness services were reviewed
including the invisible GIS (i.e., mapping applications that are not displayed),
accounting value by position, route guidance, and system control.
Several other important topics were discussed, including the importance of
trust, user profile, and security. Finally, an overall generic logical architecture for
Whereness was suggested and diagrams provided to help segment the services it
would provide.
References
[1]
ITU,
World Telecommunications / ICT Indicators Database (10th Edition),
2006.
[2]
Quiktrak,
Land Based Radiolocation
, http://www.quiktrak.co.uk/.
[3]
Wikipedia,
Free Content Encyclopedia Project
, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia.
[4]
Erle, S., Gibson, R., Walsh, J.,
Mapping Hacks
, Chapter 1, “Mapping Your Life,” pp. 1-53.
[5]
Garrett Hardin, “The Tragedy of the Commons,”
Science
, Vol. 162, No. 3859 (Dec 13,
2009), pp. 1243-1248.
[6]
OpenStreetMap
, http://openstreetmap.org/, Jan. 2008.
[7]
Newcastle University, Civil Engineering and Geosciences
, http://www.ceg.ncl.ac.uk/
research/geomatics/projects/wikitoid.htm, Jan. 2008.
[8]
WarDriving.com
, http://www.wardriving.com/, Jan. 2008
[9]
Place Lab
, http://www.placelab.org/, Jan. 2008.
[10]
Simplicity at the MIT Media Lab
, http://simplicity.media.mit.edu/, Jan. 2008.
[11]
Dennis, R., Wisely, D., “Mobility and Convergence,”
BT Technology Journal
, Volume 25,
No. 2, Apr. 2007.
[12]
Transport for London
, Oyster online, https://oyster.tfl.gov.uk/oyster/entry.do, Jan. 2008.
